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◎文／藥師楊佳蒨
其他一些中藥含有去甲烏藥鹼Higenamine，是目前最常在運動員尿液中被檢出的中藥興奮劑成分，廣泛存在於多種中藥材與食材，包括黃柏/黃蘗(Phellodendri
Cortex）、買麻藤（Gnetum montanum Markgr.）、南天竹（Nandina domestica Thunb.）、細辛（Asari
Radix）、川烏頭（Aconiti Radix）、漢防己（Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix）、蓮（Nelumbinis）、釋迦（Annona
Squamosa L.）等，去甲烏藥鹼被歸類為S3類β2 受體致效劑（β2 -
agonists），而非S6興奮劑，但由於其具有腎上腺素作用（adrenergic
effect），因此常被提及並討論其興奮劑活性，代謝產物可在尿液中持續檢出數天，且部分濃縮製劑含量極高，服用後可導致尿液檢測陽性，運動員服用常規劑量即有違規風險。2,5,16,17,18,19
在亞洲（特別是中國、台灣、韓國）運動員中，因中藥材使用頻率高，去甲烏藥鹼、麻黃鹼、番木鼈鹼/士的寧等成分常因增強體能、恢復疲勞、減重等目的被誤用，陽性檢出率明顯高於歐美國家，各國需根據當地用藥習慣與政策調整檢測策略，以降低非故意違規風險。2,10,11,20
（全文完）
參考資料：
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（本文作者為彰化基督教醫院中醫藥局主任）
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