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◎文／藥師楊佳蒨
國際案例顯示，有多起中藥成分導致運動員非故意違規的案例，包括運動員因服用含去甲烏藥鹼的蓮子（心）、黃柏/黃蘗等中藥或保健品而尿液檢測陽性，或因麝香製劑導致類固醇圖譜異常，被判定違規。2,4,9,10運動員常因增強體能、恢復疲勞等目的而誤用含禁藥成分的中藥，加上部分傳統中藥複方、養生製劑與保健食品亦可能因標示不清、含未揭露成分或遭非法摻偽而引發非故意違規。2,10,11
綜整研究資料來看，現有檢測技術對中藥禁藥成分具備高度敏感性與特異性，使中藥造成的陽性反應更難被忽略。而中藥複方、基質效應（matrix
effect）及運動員知識不足是非故意違規的主要風險來源。2,4,7,8,9,10因此建立運動員及醫藥專業人員具備「中藥亦可能含禁藥活性成分」之基本知識是刻不容緩。所有具交感神經刺激、類固醇樣活性、心血管作用或未明標示成分之中藥材或保健品皆應列為高風險。完善的用藥教育、查驗產品來源、避免賽前臨時服用未明成分之中藥製品，是預防非故意違規的關鍵。
（待續）
參考資料：
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（本文作者為彰化基督教醫院中醫藥局主任）
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